AI Chip Component Costs: Memory at 63% | Epoch AI

For each AI chip designed by Nvidia, AMD, Google, and Amazon, we estimate the per-chip cost of four component categories: memory (HBM), logic dies, advanced packaging (CoWoS), and auxiliary components. We then multiply those per-chip costs by estimated quarterly production volumes to get total component spending in each category, and compute each category’s share of total component spending per quarter from Q1 2024 to Q4 2025.

We find that memory’s share rose from 52% to 63% over this period, while packaging fell from 19% to 15% and auxiliary components from 15% to 9%. Logic die share stayed roughly constant near 13–14%. Total component spend on AI chips grew from approximately $22 billion in 2024 to $52 billion in 2025, with HBM spending alone accounting for roughly $20 billion of that increase.